CLASSIFICATION: Pesticide (soil fumigant, contact poison)
DESCRIPTION: 1,3-D is registered for use on all crops to be
planted on 1,3-D-treated soils. Thus, the use sites include all vegetable,
fruit and nut crops, all forage crops (grasses, legumes and other non-grass
forage crops), tobacco, all fiber crops and all nursery crops (ornamental,
non-bearing fruit/nut trees and forestry crops). 1,3-D is registered for use on
all crops to be planted on 1,3-D-treated soils. Thus, the use sites include all
vegetable, fruit and nut crops, all forage crops (grasses, legumes and other
non-grass forage crops), tobacco, all fiber crops and all nursery crops
(ornamental, non-bearing fruit/nut trees and forestry crops). 1,3-D is
classified as a non-food use pesticide (and thus there are no tolerances or
exemptions from the requirement of a tolerance). 1,3-D is classified as a
non-food use pesticide (and thus there are no tolerances or exemptions from the
requirement of a tolerance).
HEALTH PROBLEMS: 1,3-D is
classified as a B2 carcinogen by both the oral and inhalation routes of
exposure. The 1,3-D risk assessment presents aggregated risks for both routes
of exposure. Because EPA does not have toxicity data on the alcohol and acid
degradates, EPA assumed carcinogenic and toxicological equivalence to the
parent, thus oral exposure and risk estimates are comprised of 1,3-D plus the
degradates (unless specifically noted). Due to 1,3-D’s carcinogenicity,
environmental fate and use patterns, EPA has concerns that use could result in
exposure to residues in air and/or water. EPA’s cancer risk estimates for
workers who follow abel restrictions are in the 10-5 to 10-6 range. For
residents who live near treated fields, lifetime cancer inhalation risk
estimates are in the 10-5 to 10-8 range taking into account a 300 foot
no-treatment buffer, but not taking into account other measures (e.g., lowering
application rates by 30-65%, soil sealing measures) which were not amenable to
quantification under the highly variable field study conditions.